Diaspora Doubts In the times of the Temple, the Sanhedrin (Supreme Court)  would decide when to sanctify a new month primarily on the basis of eyewitness reports.  Two people would come to the court and testify that they had seen the new moon.  If the court accepted the testimony (based on specific criteria), Rosh Chodesh would be immediately declared, making the previous month days long.   The Sanhedrin could delay the declaration ...

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